Which phenomenon does Doppler radar primarily detect?

Doppler radar is primarily utilized to measure wind speed and direction by analyzing the frequency change of radar waves reflected off moving objects, such as precipitation or air particles. When the radar emits radio waves, these waves bounce back from objects in the atmosphere. If the objects are moving, such as wind currents, the frequency of the reflected waves changes due to the Doppler effect. This frequency shift is directly related to the speed and direction of the movement. By interpreting the data from these changes, meteorologists can determine not only the presence of precipitation but also the velocity and orientation of winds within weather patterns. Thus, Doppler radar plays a crucial role in weather forecasting and severe weather detection, making it an essential tool for understanding atmospheric dynamics.