What is the primary function of image processing in remote sensing?

The primary function of image processing in remote sensing is to manipulate and analyze images for information extraction. This process involves transforming raw image data captured by sensors into a format that can be understood and used for further analysis. Through image processing techniques, such as filtering, enhancement, classification, and feature extraction, valuable information about the Earth's surface can be derived from the images. This information can then be used for various applications, including environmental monitoring, land use planning, and disaster management.

In contrast, collecting and storing raw data represents an earlier stage in the remote sensing workflow, prior to processing and analysis. Calibrating sensors involves ensuring that the measurements obtained are accurate, but this step is distinct from the image processing phase, which focuses on post-acquisition data handling. Creating physical models of the observed area may involve using processed data, but it is not the primary function of image processing itself. Therefore, the capability to manipulate and analyze images leads directly to obtaining relevant information, making it the correct answer.