What is meant by change detection in remote sensing?

Change detection in remote sensing refers to the process of identifying differences in the state of an object or area over time by comparing images taken at different times. This technique is widely used to monitor environmental changes, urban development, land use changes, and the impact of natural disasters or human activities. By analyzing multiple images of the same location captured at different times, researchers can detect changes such as deforestation, wetland degradation, or urban expansion. This approach is critical for managing resources, planning urban infrastructure, and responding to environmental issues.

The other choices, while related to remote sensing, do not accurately capture the essence of change detection. Identifying differences in satellite technology pertains to advancements in the methods or instruments used for remote sensing rather than analyzing the state of objects or areas. Detecting changes in satellite positioning relates to the adjustments and accuracy of satellite systems needed for precise data collection, rather than changes in the Earth's surface or features. Measuring differences in atmospheric conditions focuses on weather patterns and climate variables, which are separate from the analysis of surface changes that change detection entails.