What is a multispectral sensor?

A multispectral sensor is defined as a sensor that captures data at multiple specific wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum. These sensors are designed to detect wavelengths beyond the visible light range, including infrared and ultraviolet light, which allows them to gather information in different parts of the spectrum. This capability enables the multispectral sensors to collect data that is useful for various applications, including agriculture, forestry, land cover classification, and environmental monitoring.

The ability to capture data at these multiple wavelengths means that multispectral sensors can differentiate between different materials based on their spectral signatures. For instance, healthy vegetation reflects light differently than stressed vegetation or bare soil, and these differences can be detected and analyzed with multispectral sensors. This provides valuable insight into the health of crops, soil conditions, and other environmental factors.

In contrast, the other options refer to different types of sensors or measurements that do not involve capturing data across multiple wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum. For example, population demographics are typically studied with social science methods rather than through remote sensing technology, soil moisture measurements often require specific sensors designed for that purpose, and sound detection is unrelated to the capabilities of multispectral sensors. Therefore, option B accurately captures the essence of a multispectral sensor by highlighting its focus on diverse wavelengths within the electromagnetic